The terms 32-bit and 64-bit refer to the way a computer’s processor (CPU), handles information. A 32-bit processor can represent numbers from 0 to 4,294,967,295 while a 64-bit processor can represent numbers from 0 to 18,446,744,073,709,551,615. Hence, it means that a computer with 64-bit processor can do math or handle data with larger numbers, and so, be more efficient with smaller numbers.
Yes, here the most relevant question arises “Who would benefit for buying a 64-bit system?" The answer is - academic institutions, private, government and those organizations need 64-btit processor where large calculations are performed, huge databases are accessed, and complex problems need to be solved. If you produce videos, computer art, or develop programs, 64-bit systems will be helpful.
Microsoft publishes KB946765 which details the main differences between 32-bit and 64-bit Windows Vista, which mainly relates to memory accessibility, memory management, and enhanced security features, In a computer there is an “item” known as “data buss”. It connects memory to the rest of the system including the processor, which does all the thinking in your computer. The 'data buss' is used to move the data around inside your computer. In a 32-bit computer, the width (or size) of the data buss is 32-bits wide while a 64-bit buss is twice as wide so the system with 64-bit processor can move twice as much data around. Being able to process more data means a faster system - but only for specific things. Normal office productivity and web surfing will show no advantages at all, whereas graphics processing and scientific calculations will go much faster. Therefore, a 64-bit has certain advantages over 32-bit processor since, a 32-bit processor can handle a maximum of 4 GB of memory whereas a 64-bit one can handle up to 1 terabyte.
Based on the processor’s architecture, Operating systems (OS) also come in two Windows versions: Windows 32-bit and 64-bit. The main advantage or benefit of 64-bit version of Windows is that it can handle large amounts of Random Access Memory (RAM) more effectively than a 32-bit system.
Another question many people have is whether they can run 32-bit programmes on a 64-bit computer and vice-versa. Which is better to buy – 32-bit or 64-bit version of an operating system (OS)? One thumb rule is – a higher version of programme (software) takes care of a lower version of programmes (software). So, most programmes designed for the 32-bit version of windows will work on the 64-bit version. Notable exceptions are some Anti-virus Programmes (Software). Device drivers designed for the 32-bit version do not work on computers running a 64-bit version. For example, if you are trying to install a printer that only has 32-bit drivers available, it will not work properly.
But if a programme is specifically designed for the 64-bit version, it will not on the 32-bit version. The fact is that at present you can not take advantage of the 64-bit technology because many software vendors have not made the switch from 32-bit to 64-bit. So, many useful software are not for 64-bit processors. As a thumb rule your hardware and your OS should be 64-bit. So, except for those few who hold servers or do some stuff which requires a lot of RAM, there isn't any necessity for 64-bit yet on stationary PCs for home. For home PCs I find more disadvantages than pros. There could be problems with drivers, software, finding compatible stuff. It is better to stick with 32-bit at least for home PCs for now as majority of products are still for 32-bit.
To know more about 32-bit and 64-bit Windows visit:
http://windows.microsoft.com/en-IN/windows-vista/32-bit-and-64-bit-Windows-frequently-asked-questions (Posted: 10-01-2012)
Keywords: 32-bit, 64-bit, Processor, Programme, Software, Computer